Boston keratoprosthesis (KPro) is a piece of specialized plastic that replace sick cornea (transparent structure at the front of the eye) in patients who have failed or those who are expected to have poor results with traditional corneal transplantation. While the Kpro can offer dramatic improvement in vision, it is also associated with several complications. Glaucoma (optic nerve damage due to high pressure inside the eye) is one of the most common complications after KPro surgery and can potentially cause irreversible vision loss. The implantation of a glaucoma drainage device (GDD), a tiny tube that drains the liquid inside the eye by bypassing the natural drainage system, is an effective option to lower the eye pressure in patients with KPro. Given the frequency and potentially devastating effects of glaucoma among KPro patients, some surgeons recommend to put in a GDD as a preventative measure. However, there is no consensus on when is the best timing to perform such surgery in relation to the Boston Kpro surgery. Hypothesis: For patients undergoing the Boston KPro surgery, implanting a GDD simultaneously, at the time of surgery, is more efficacious than at 6 months later, in the prevention of the progression of glaucoma and in maintaining better visual functions. Methods: The investigators aim to recruit 40 patients over 4 years. Recruited patients will be randomly assigned to 2 groups: 1) simultaneous GDD implantation at the Boston KPro surgery, and 2) GDD implantation 6 months after the Boston KPro surgery. Once recruited, patients will be followed before the KPro surgery, postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1, 3, 6 and 12. Standard ophthalmological exam will be performed at each visit. Additional non-invasive glaucoma tests and evaluation (visual fields and optic nerve photo) will be performed on day 1, month 1, 3, 6 and 12. For patients assigned to group 2, a GDD will be implanted 6 months after the KPro surgery. They will have additional follow-ups on post-GDD surgery day 1, week 1 and month 1. Results of visual acuity, visual fields, optic nerve evaluation and complications will be compared between the two groups to determine the better timing of GDD implantation.

This is a single arm, pilot study of PET/MRI scan with radiotracer 18F-Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) before and after standard of care platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with metastasized Gastro-Oesophageal Cancer. Gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) accounted for 2,3000 deaths in Canada in 2017 and majority of the patients present or develop metastatic disease following diagnosis. These patients are treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. There is currently no biomarker that can be used to predict the therapy responses. Additionally, patients that do not respond to the chemotherapy often deteriorate rapidly and are unable to receive second line therapy. Intratumoral hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) is a signature feature of aggressive and resistant tumour phenotype. Accurately predicting hypoxia in solid tumours offers an innovative and rational pradigm for predicting therapy responses. PET/MRI is an imaging technique combining the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan. A radiotracer called 18F-Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) is used as a type of "dye" in the PET/MRI scan. The primary goal of the study is to validate FAZA PET/MRI as a biomarker of hyupoxia in setting of gastro-oesophageal carcinoma. Patients with GEC will undergo FAZA PET/MRI scan before and after the standard of care chemotherapy. This would be correlated with clinical outcome in patients with metastatic GEC that have different responses to chemotherapy. Ultimately, we hope that the use FAZA PET/MRI in the study can help select the most effective treatment method for advanced GEC to extend life and improve quality of life while minimizing toxicity and healthcare costs. The study subjects' clinical management will not be changed based on the PET-MR scan within the trial.

The BRACKETS pilot study is a multicentre, prospective, randomized controlled trial of prophylactic preoperative tranexamic acid (TXA) versus placebo and, using a partial factorial design, of prophylactic preoperative desmopressin versus placebo.

Background: Few large randomized controlled trials provide strong evidence to guide surgical repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. The purpose of this factorial, single-blind, randomized controlled trial is to analyze and compare the surgical outcomes, functional visual outcomes, complications, and quality of life associated with RRD repair using (A) pars plana vitrectomy only (PPV) or PPV with scleral buckle (PPV-SB) and (B) sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF6) or perfluoropropane gas (C3F8) tamponade. Methods: Eligible patients with moderately complex RRD will be randomized 1:1 to PPV or PPV-SB and 1:1 to SF6 or C3F8 gas tamponade. Approximately 560 patients will be recruited to be able to detect a difference of around 10% in SSAS rate between groups. Patients will be followed using multimodal imaging and quality of life questionnaires before and after the surgical repair until 1 year postoperative. The primary outcome will be single surgery anatomic success (SSAS), defined as absence of reoperation for recurrent RRD in the operating room. Secondary outcomes will be pinhole visual acuity (PHVA) at 8-10 weeks and 6 months, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), final retina status (i.e., attached or detached), time to onset of RRD recurrence, severity and number of complications, and questionnaire results. Discussion: This will be the first 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial examining repair techniques in primary RRD. It will also be the first randomized controlled trial to compare gas tamponade between the two most common agents. Notably, it will be adequately powered to detect a clinically significant effect size. The use of multimodal imaging will also be a novel aspect of this study, allowing us to compare head-to-head the impact of adding an SB to the retina's recovery after RRD repair and of differing gas tamponades. Until now, the treatment of RRD has been largely guided by pragmatic retrospective cohort studies. There is a lack of strong evidence guiding therapeutic decisions and this trial will address (1) whether supplemental SB is justified and (2) whether longer duration gas tamponade with C3F8 is necessary.

This is a Phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, international study assessing the efficacy and safety of durvalumab (MEDI4736) and domvanalimab (AB154) compared with durvalumab plus placebo in adults with locally advanced (Stage III), unresectable NSCLC whose disease has not progressed following definitive platinum-based cCRT.

Currently, there is a lack of literature on programs evaluating rapid screening methods to traditional venipuncture methods for sample collection during screening for viral hepatitis. Due to the relatively low diagnosis and linkage to care rate, screening programs that provide same day results for viral hepatitis infection may improve both diagnosis and enable providers to engage patients shortly after diagnosis. This stands in contrast to the multi-visit, weeks long process that normally accompanies serum testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). A few American studies have examined the implementation of HCV inpatient screening programs; however, they are focused specifically on high-risk patient populations, the barriers to accessing care experienced by study participants are not relevant to the Canadian healthcare system context, and do not use rapid testing. Furthermore, there are few, if any, data on HBV inpatient screening programs and the diagnosis rate remains low. This project will provide key data on a rapid inpatient screening and linkage to care strategy as well as the prevalence of these viruses across different age bands within the population. Finally, the study will help determine whether rapid inpatient screening is a feasible and acceptable approach for screening and linkage to care.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of the blood's plasma cells. The cancer is typically found in the bones and bone marrow (the spongy tissue inside of the bones) and can cause bone pain, fractures, infections, weaker bones, and kidney failure. Treatments are available, but MM can come back (relapsed) or may not get better (refractory) with treatment. This is a study to determine change in disease symptoms of etentamig compared to standard available therapies in adult participants with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MM. Etentamig is an investigational drug being developed for the treatment of R/R MM. This study is broken into 2 Arms; Arm A and Arm B. In Arm A, participants will receive etentamig as a monotherapy. In Arm B, participants will receive the standard available therapy (SAT) identified by the Investigator during screening, in accordance with the local (or applicable) approved label, package insert, summary of product characteristics, and/or the institutional guidelines, as applicable. Around 380 adult participants with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma will be enrolled at approximately 140 sites across the world. In Arm A participants will receive etentamig as an infusion into the vein in 28 day cycles, during the 3.5 year study duration. In Arm B, participants will receive the SAT identified by the Investigator during screening, in accordance with the local (or applicable) approved label, package insert, summary of product characteristics, and/or the institutional guidelines, as applicable, during the 3.5 year study duration. There may be higher treatment burden for participants in this trial compared to their standard of care. Participants will attend regular visits during the study at a hospital or clinic. The effect of the treatment will be checked by medical assessments, blood tests, checking for side effects and questionnaires.

INSIGHT is a longitudinal study of childhood nephrotic syndrome to determine genetic, serologic and environmental factors contributing to nephrotic syndrome and disease progression.

This is a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group Phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VHB937 in participants with early AD followed by an Extension. The double-blind part is 72 weeks long, followed by an extension.

This is a Phase Ⅲ, randomized, open-label, Sponsor-blinded, 3-arm, global, multicenter study assessing the efficacy and safety of rilvegostomig in combination with fluoropyrimidine and T-DXd (Arm A) compared to trastuzumab, chemotherapy, and pembrolizumab (Arm B) in HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma participants whose tumors express PD L1 CPS ≥ 1. Rilvegostomig in combination with trastuzumab and chemotherapy will be evaluated in a separate arm (Arm C) to assess the contribution of each component in the experimental arm.