The objective of this study is to nake a comparison between 11c-acetate and 11c-acetoacetate kidney uptake in chronic kidney failure patients.

The current first-line treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) in Canada is buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx). The standard induction method of bup/nx requires patients to be abstinent from opioids and thereby experience withdrawal symptoms prior to induction, which can be a major barrier in starting treatment. Rapid micro-induction (also known as micro-dosing, low-dose induction) involves the administration of small, frequent does of bup/nx and removes the need for a period of withdrawal prior to the start of treatment. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of rapid micro-induction versus standard induction of bup/nx in patients with OUD.

Over one million Canadians have been infected by COVID-19. Many people who have been infected by COVID-19 experience negative mental symptoms, such as "brain fog" and fatigue. For many of these people, they continue to feel these negative mental symptoms even after recovering from COVID-19. However, scientists still do not know how COVID-19 harms the human brain and causes these mental problems. Our goal is to use advanced brain imaging to determine whether people who have been infected with COVID-19 show damage in their brain. We hope that this information will help doctors determine what treatments should be provided to help people who are suffering from continuing mental problems after being infected with COVID-19.

Milk and dairy products contain significant amounts of nutrients that contribute to optimal health - nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, and high-quality protein. Fermented milk products or fermented dairy products are dairy foods that have been fermented with certain bacteria. Yogurt is a fermented dairy product containing millions of beneficial bacteria. In this study, the invesgitagtors will look at the effect of milk (a non-fermented dairy product) and yogurt (a fermented dairy product) supplementation on bone health and the amount of fat and muscle mass in Canadian young adults over a 24-month period. While dairy products contain significant amounts of nutrients, the scientific community does not know the impact of long-term supplementation of fermented (i.e., yogurt) or non-fermented (i.e., milk) dairy food on bone health and the amount of fat and muscle mass in young adults. To fill this knowledge gap, the investigators will recruit participants with low calcium intake and assign them to three different groups: 1) milk (intervention) group; 2) yogurt (intervention) group; and 3) control group. The investigators will ask the participants in the milk group to drink 1.5 servings (375 mL) of milk per day for 24 months. Participants in the yogurt group will consume 2 servings (350 g) of yogurt per day for 24 months. Those in the control group will continue their usual diets. Using a randomized controlled trial design, the investigators will measure bone health parameters, hormonal indices related to bone metabolism, body composition (e.g., muscle mass, fat mass), and the number and composition of bacteria living in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The hypothesis is that supplementation with yogurt will have more positive effects on bone health indices, particularly femoral neck BMD as the primary outcome, than milk in Canadian adults aged 19-30 years. The secondary hypothesis is that supplementation with yogurt, as a fermented milk product, will have a more beneficial effect than milk on body composition measures. The data will provide valuable information for developing targeted health initiatives and marketing strategies regarding the benefits of fermented and non-fermented dairy product consumption.

The goal of this observational study is to to identify different causes of liver diseases or damage in liver transplant patients and develop a machine learning algorithm as a non-invasive tool leveraging gene expression and patient clinical information to classify transplant liver diseases We will collect blood samples of the participants who had undergone or will undergo the liver biopsy as part of standard of care, and use this blood in TruGarf. TruGraf is a non-invasive test that measures differentially expressed genes in the blood of transplant recipients to rule out liver damage. Researcher will collect the biopsy result from the medical record and this will be compared with the TruGarf results.

This is a single arm, pilot study of PET/MRI scan with radiotracer 18F-Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) before and after standard of care platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with metastasized Gastro-Oesophageal Cancer. Gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) accounted for 2,3000 deaths in Canada in 2017 and majority of the patients present or develop metastatic disease following diagnosis. These patients are treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. There is currently no biomarker that can be used to predict the therapy responses. Additionally, patients that do not respond to the chemotherapy often deteriorate rapidly and are unable to receive second line therapy. Intratumoral hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) is a signature feature of aggressive and resistant tumour phenotype. Accurately predicting hypoxia in solid tumours offers an innovative and rational pradigm for predicting therapy responses. PET/MRI is an imaging technique combining the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan. A radiotracer called 18F-Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) is used as a type of "dye" in the PET/MRI scan. The primary goal of the study is to validate FAZA PET/MRI as a biomarker of hyupoxia in setting of gastro-oesophageal carcinoma. Patients with GEC will undergo FAZA PET/MRI scan before and after the standard of care chemotherapy. This would be correlated with clinical outcome in patients with metastatic GEC that have different responses to chemotherapy. Ultimately, we hope that the use FAZA PET/MRI in the study can help select the most effective treatment method for advanced GEC to extend life and improve quality of life while minimizing toxicity and healthcare costs. The study subjects' clinical management will not be changed based on the PET-MR scan within the trial.

The investigators are interested in determining if there is a meaningful benefit from the use of medications purported to increase the pumping function of the heart (i.e. inotropes) among critically ill patients admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU). To do this, the investigators will conduct a multi-centre, double blind, randomized control trial with patients who are deemed to require these medications by their treating physician to one of the two most commonly used agents in Canada (Milrinone or Dobutamine) or placebo. Each patient will be closely monitored by their healthcare team. The dose of medication will be adjusted according to each patients' clinical status. After 12 hours, the participants will move to open label treatment and any continued use of inotropes will be at the discretion of their treating physician.

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral, paravertebral blockade (intervention) against sham blocks (control) placed prior to sternotomy in improving quality of recovery following cardiac surgery. Primary outcome: The hypothesis is that bilateral single-shot PVB at the thoracic spinal segmental levels T3/4, compared with sham blocks, improve the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) score at 24 hours following cardiac surgery by a minimally clinically important difference of 8.0 or greater. Secondary outcomes: The hypothesis is that the intervention will reduce pain scores, opioid requirements, and related side effects; improve respiratory mechanics; and facilitate a better first night's rest/sleep in the first 24-48 hours compared to sham blocks.

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, Phase 3 study of BLU-5937 in participants with Refractory Chronic Cough (RCC).

The goal of this observational study is to assess the effectiveness of the mDETECT breast cancer blood test at monitoring treatment response in women with metastatic breast cancer undergoing treatment.