This is a Phase 2/3, multiregional, two-arm, double-blind, randomized, active (standard-of-care)-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of tividenofusp alfa (DNL310), an investigational central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) for mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II). Participants may also qualify to enter an open-label treatment phase with DNL310 or idursulfase based on pre-specified criteria.

A study to evaluate if the randomized addition of venetoclax to a chemotherapy backbone (fludarabine/cytarabine/gemtuzumab ozogamicin \[GO\]) improves survival of children/adolescents/young adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 1st relapse who are unable to receive additional anthracyclines, or in 2nd relapse.

We will investigate whether ultrahypofractionation using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) or brachytherapy is as well-tolerated as moderately hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for treating the prostate in patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer. Secondary aims include assessment of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) as well as cost-effectiveness. We hypothesize that ultrahypofractionation will maintain favorable toxicity profiles and quality of life while achieving comparable or better efficacy, thereby providing a convenient and cost-effective alternative to moderately hypofractionated EBRT.

This study will collect data to try to assess which one of the two management options works better. The first option involves the use of the bite corrector first and then braces, while the second option involves the temporary addition of small support bone screws with the bite corrector later and then braces. Currently, it is not clearly known if there are important differences between the proposed management options. Such approaches are conventionally used in orthodontic practices. The information collected in this study will be used to compare the differences in the nature of the facial, teeth, and bone changes after the treatment. Questions about the experience while using the devices will be asked.

SOCRATES is part of Boston Scientific's (BSC) Post-market surveillance system. The implementation of such systems is mandatory per local regulations such as the Regulation '(EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on medical devices' or short Medical Device Regulation (MDR). The SOCRATES design is therefore based on the BSC's commitment as well as external regulatory requirements to proactively and systematically gather, record and analyze relevant data on the quality, performance and safety of devices throughout their entire lifetime.

This study is being done to learn about etavopivat, a once a day medicine taken by mouth in adolescents with sickle cell disease. The main goals are to study safety and how long etavopivat stays in the bloodstream, while also studying if there are benefits from taking etavopivat. Eligible participants who enter the study will start a 96-week treatment period. At the end of the 96 weeks, participants will have an end of study visit that occurs 4 weeks later. The participants will receive etavopivat every day throughout the treatment period.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects approximately 1% of newborns in the US, with 25% of those affected having critical conditions requiring open heart surgery within one year of birth. Surgical and medical advances have allowed many patients to live beyond their fourth and fifth decades of life. Unfortunately, cardiac arrhythmias are a relatively common sequela due to cardiac anomalies and surgical scars in addition to residual volume and pressure load on the heart. Atrial arrhythmias, including sinus node dysfunction and intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia (IART) are among the more common abnormalities found in adults with repaired CHD. The presence of IART significantly increases morbidity and mortality, and anti-arrhythmic medications have been shown to be a sub-optimal treatment strategy with the majority of patients requiring multi-drug therapy. Catheter ablation procedures remain a treatment option, but are less successful for some patient demographics. In the mid-1990's, pacemakers with atrial anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) capabilities were developed, primarily for the management of atrial flutter and fibrillation in adults with structurally normal hearts. Given the need for pacemakers in the CHD population to manage sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular node conduction block, the adoption of atrial anti-tachycardia pacemakers began to gain favor. However, there is limited data available comparing the safety and effectiveness of ATP therapy between various demographics of CHD patients. In the current study, the investigators aim to determine if ATP is an effective treatment strategy for IART, specifically within particular sub-populations of CHD patients. Additionally, investigators hope to delineate any significant differences in efficacy of ATP treatment between adult and pediatric congenital heart patients. The research team will accomplish our goals with a retrospective, multi-center study in which data is collected from existing electronic medical records and pacemaker interrogations. Following data collection, the investigators will employ statistical analyses to determine if certain CHD demographics are statistically significant predictors of ATP therapy outcomes. The purpose of this prospective/retrospective study is to determine how effective atrial anti-tachycardia therapies are with the congenital heart patients who are known to have atrial arrhythmias. As this population ages, we know that arrhythmic burden increases and medications are increased or changed for symptomatic improvement. Patients will be enrolled at the time of anti tachycardia device (ATD) placement or when device therapies are turned on. Patients will need a minimum of 5 years of clinical history prior to implantation and after implantation (unless patient is very young). Data will be collected both retrospectively and prospectively. The research team will consent patients at the time of clinical evaluations and scheduled follow-ups (usually 3 - 6 months). If therapy is effective, investigators will determine the specific programming which was successful. If therapy was ineffective, investigators will also determine if a change in programing was made and if this improved ATP efficacy. Investigators will also determine the arrhythmia burden. Cardioversion and medications before and after ATD implantation will be the key determinants of arrhythmia burden in this study.

Exercise training as part of a structured pulmonary rehabilitation program is a key factor in improving quality of life and symptoms in people with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Optimal methods of exercise training are yet to be explored in ILD. Drinking beetroot juice, which is rich in nitrate, has been shown to improve exercise performance in a variety of groups, but its effects in ILD have not been tested. The purpose of this study is to determine if drinking nitrate-rich beetroot juice can improve exercise performance compared to drinking nitrate-free beetroot juice in people with ILD.

Hip arthroscopy surgery can be associated with significant pain. A regional anesthesia technique, the femoral articular branch block (FAB), has recently been proposed to collectively block terminal femoral and accessory obturator nerve branches to the hip joint with a single injection, theoretically blocking most of the innervation relevant to hip arthroscopy while sparing the main femoral nerve branches to the quadriceps muscles. The investigators aim to demonstrate the analgesic benefits of FAB. The investigators hypothesize that FAB will reduce opioid consumption and improve postoperative quality of recovery in patients having hip arthroscopy. This is a randomized, controlled, double-blind study and half the patients will be randomized to receive the femoral articular branch block and the other half of patients will be randomized to receive a placebo block. A comparison of pain will be made between both groups.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) is multi-center, parallel-arm, and open label. It will test the feasibility and safety of randomizing elderly patients with end-stage kidney failure starting hemodialysis with a tunneled/non-tunneled catheter to one of the following vascular access strategies: (a) attempt at fistula creation (intervention), or (b) continued use of a catheter (comparator). A total number of 100 participants will be enrolled in vanguard phase of the RCT. The rationale for this trial includes: (1) the importance of the intervention question related to the choice of vascular access for patients treated with hemodialysis; (2) lack of evidence from clinical trials for decision-making in this area (only observational studies are available); (3) existing studies which suggest that fistula use is associated with better patient outcomes are very prone to selection bias; (4) need for a clinical trial comparing the impact of the two most frequently chosen strategies for vascular access (catheter and fistula) in the hemodialysis population; and (5) a feasible and safe trial design. The results obtained from this vanguard phase of the RCT will determine the feasibility and safety of conducting a large RCT, which will be powered for the primary outcome of days spent in hospital.