Epidural analgesia was introduced to the world of obstetrics in 1909 by Walter Stoeckel. Over the following 100 years it has developed to become the gold-standard for delivery of intra-partum analgesia, with between 60 and 75% of North American parturients receiving an epidural during their labor. Effective labor analgesia has been shown to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. One aspect of catheter insertion that has not been fully evaluated, and with very little recent work undertaken, is the optimal length of epidural catheter to be left in the epidural space. Dislodgement or displacement of epidural catheter remains a significant cause for failure with analgesia. Novel methods of fixation may further reduce the risk of catheter migration. Another factor is the direction of travel within the epidural space, only 13% of lumbar catheters remain uncoiled after insertion of more than 4 cm into the epidural space. Hypothesis: The investigators hypothesize that catheters inserted to 4 cm will have a lower rate of failure when compared to those inserted to 5 cm. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the difference in quality of labor analgesia delivered by epidural catheters inserted to either 4 or 5 cm into the epidural space. This study will be conducted as an interventional double-blinded randomised control trial to establish best practice.

The working hypotheses are as follows: #1 The processing of performance signals by automated lognormal segmentation and the extraction of the parameters of interest will make it possible to distinguish groups of patients from healthy elderly subjects. #2 The three instrumental approaches will not have the same degree of reliability as a predictive biomarker of clinical diagnosis established by consensus.

Claustrophobia is an irrational fear of restriction and suffocation. It is a specific phobia, according to DSM 5. Claustrophobic patients may fear that restriction of their limbs will hinder their ability to move quickly towards safety. MRI may trigger claustrophobia, because this diagnostic procedure involves a patient laying in a narrow tube. Premedication before MRI scan may occasionally reduce claustrophobia. Prospective observational crossover study of claustrophobic patients who are undergoing MRI scan. At alternate MRI scan sessions, each patient receives rotational premedication using Lorazepam 1mg; or Clonidine tablet 0.2mg; or combined Clonidine 0.2mg + Lorazepam 1mg. Patient will use Claustrophobia Questionnaire, a validated tool, to collect data on the days before and after each MRI scan. CLQ is a patient-administered tool used to assess claustrophobia. In addition, patient will use General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, a validated tool, to collect data on the days before and after each MRI scan. GAD-7 is a patient-administered tool that is used to assess anxiety.

The purpose of this trial is to investigate the effect of acute ketone monoester ingestion (0.6 g KME/kg body weight) on the occurrence of the ventilatory threshold and the subsequent response of blood velocity in cerebral arteries during a maximal exercise test at low altitude and high altitude.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the impact of routine bladder catheterization in uncomplicated cesarean sections on hospitalization time (readiness to discharge), time to ambulation, urinary retention, development of urinary tract infections, prevention of bladder injury, operating time, and patient satisfaction.

The primary aim of this study is to determine the safety and mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibition in individuals on peritoneal dialysis (PD) with residual kidney function (RKF).

The main objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of two diagnostic methods, namely CESM and MRI, in the evaluation of a lesion suspicious of breast cancer in 300 Quebec women referred for the investigation of breast cancer. breast lesion suspected of cancer. All suspicious lesions will be evaluated by these two diagnostic imaging and by TNM. Then, radiologists will respectively interpret diagnostic imaging, without knowing the result of the other imaging in parallel with the study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for his diagnostic imaging will then be determined. Histopathological confirmation by biopsy or surgery will be used as a standard value.

Improved outcomes for high-grade gliomas (HGG) require advances in our ability to monitor changes to tumour biology using non-surgical approaches. "Liquid biopsy" is a term used to describe a technique whereby tumour DNA, which has been shed off and then circulates through the blood stream, is detected and analyzed. Our goal is to develop a new type of liquid biopsy that is suitable for primary brain tumours that uses a method that is highly sensitive and allows for ongoing analysis of these tumours.

While undergoing chest wall resection, a surgeon's major concern is obtaining an appropriate surgical margin. Difficulty or failure to do so can result in prolonged operative time, need for re-operation due to a positive resection margin, or need for complex chest wall reconstruction due to unnecessarily wide resection. Over the last decades, surgical navigation systems have been developed to improve operative precision in various surgical fields. This is achieved by integrating patient images with intraoperative findings.

The Primary Completion Date and Study Completion Date have been updated to reflect completion of the adolescent cohort, which has been added to the protocol. The study is designed as a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iptacopan (LNP023) in complement 3 glomerulopathy.